Metaphysics of Nicolaus Copernicus & the Motion of Earth about the Sun
Uniting Ptolemy & Copernicus - Earth, Sun, & Matter are each Center of own Universe. Quotes, Pictures, Biography.

Once it was recognised that the earth was not the center of the world, but only one of the smaller planets, the illusion of the central significance of man himself became untenable. Hence, Nicolaus Copernicus, through his work and the greatness of his personality, taught man to be honest. (Albert Einstein, Message on the 410th Anniversary of the Death of Copernicus, 1953)

Introduction & Summary of Nicolaus Copernicus' Cosmology

Nicolaus Copernicus (1473 - 1543) is known as one of the founding fathers of Cosmology, liberating us from the earth centric view of the universe (as formalised by Ptolemy, approx. 90 - 160AD). He discovered that the earth orbits the sun.
As Copernicus wrote in De Revolutionibus Coelestibus;

Finally we shall place the Sun himself at the center of the Universe.
All this is suggested by the systematic procession of events and
the harmony of the whole Universe, if only we face the facts,
as they say, 'with both eyes open'. (Copernicus)

We find that the simplest explanation is most likely the true one as Max Born writes;

Nicolaus Copernicus' constructive achievement was that his system explained in a simpler way the phenomena which the traditional world system was able to explain only by means of complicated and artificial hypotheses. (Max Born, Einstein's Theory of Relativity)

The scientific truth of Copernicus' Theory (that the earth orbits the sun) was not recognised within his own lifetime. It was not until Galileo Galilei peered through his telescope, that Copernicus' Theory was proved by Empirical Science (and still faced extreme opposition from the orthodoxy who refused to look).
We can learn from great scientists of the past that important scientific discoveries are often first ignored, and then violently rejected, by the society of their time. As Nicolaus Copernicus confirms;

.. astronomers of my day are so inconsistent in these [astronomical] investigations ... that they cannot even explain or observe the constant length of the seasonal year. With them, it is as though an artist were to gather the hands, feet, head and other members for his images from diverse models, each part excellently drawn, but not related to a single body, and since they in no way match each other, the result would be monster rather than man. (Copernicus, Thomas Kuhn, The Structure of Scientific Revolutions)

This webpage on Nicolaus Copernicus deals with three very interesting problems of Cosmology.
i) Is the universe Finite or Infinite?
ii) Are we at the center of the universe?
iii) Does the Earth orbit the Sun?

You may think the answers are now fairly obvious, the universe is finite and roughly spherical, we are not at the center of the universe, and we do orbit the sun. The metaphysics of Space and the Wave Structure of Matter (Wolff, Haselhurst) suggests differently, that only two of the above three conclusions are correct.
Please Cosmology and Simple Science to properly understand, but here I will simply state the solution.

i) Yes the universe is spherical and finite. In fact matter and the universe are one and the same thing, as matter is formed from Spherical Standing Waves which determine the size of our finite spherical universe within an Infinite Space. Thus the conception of matter as tiny particles is wrong, matter is large not small, but the Wave-Center of the Spherical Waves forms the tiny 'particle' effect.
ii) This is the surprise. We are actually at the center of our own universe, but within an infinite Space (thus there is no center of Space). So Ptolemy was correct (for the wrong reasons) and Copernicus made an error (he correctly showed that the Earth orbits the Sun, he incorrectly assumed this meant we were not at the center of the universe).
iii) Yes, the Earth does orbit the Sun.

I hope that you will read on the Wave Structure of Matter (WSM) as a way of understanding not only Ptolemy and Nicolaus Copernicus, but also the modern Cosmology which evolved from Albert Einstein's Relativity.

Geoff Haselhurst

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Help Humanity

"You must be the change you wish to see in the world."
(Mohandas Gandhi)

"When forced to summarize the general theory of relativity in one sentence: Time and space and gravitation have no separate existence from matter. ... Physical objects are not in space, but these objects are spatially extended. In this way the concept 'empty space' loses its meaning. ... The particle can only appear as a limited region in space in which the field strength or the energy density are particularly high. ...
The free, unhampered exchange of ideas and scientific conclusions is necessary for the sound development of science, as it is in all spheres of cultural life. ... We must not conceal from ourselves that no improvement in the present depressing situation is possible without a severe struggle; for the handful of those who are really determined to do something is minute in comparison with the mass of the lukewarm and the misguided. ...
Humanity is going to need a substantially new way of thinking if it is to survive!" (Albert Einstein)

Our world is in great trouble due to human behaviour founded on myths and customs that are causing the destruction of Nature and climate change. We can now deduce the most simple science theory of reality - the wave structure of matter in space. By understanding how we and everything around us are interconnected in Space we can then deduce solutions to the fundamental problems of human knowledge in physics, philosophy, metaphysics, theology, education, health, evolution and ecology, politics and society.

This is the profound new way of thinking that Einstein realised, that we exist as spatially extended structures of the universe - the discrete and separate body an illusion. This simply confirms the intuitions of the ancient philosophers and mystics.

Given the current censorship in physics / philosophy of science journals (based on the standard model of particle physics / big bang cosmology) the internet is the best hope for getting new knowledge known to the world. But that depends on you, the people who care about science and society, realise the importance of truth and reality.

It is Easy to Help!

Just click on the Social Network links below, or copy a nice image or quote you like and share it. We have a wonderful collection of knowledge from the greatest minds in human history, so people will appreciate your contributions. In doing this you will help a new generation of scientists see that there is a simple sensible explanation of physical reality - the source of truth and wisdom, the only cure for the madness of man! Thanks! Geoff Haselhurst (Updated September, 2018)

A new scientific truth does not triumph by convincing its opponents and making them see the light, but rather because its opponents eventually die, and a new generation grows up that is familiar with it. (Max Planck, 1920)

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(George Orwell)

"Hell is Truth Seen Too Late."
(Thomas Hobbes)

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