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The Wave Structure of Matter (WSM)
One Substance - One Law - One Logic

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"Behind it all is surely an idea so simple, so beautiful, that when we grasp it we will all say to each other, how could it have been otherwise? How could we have been so stupid?" (Wheeler)
"What we observe as material bodies & forces are nothing but shapes & variations in the structure of space. Subject & object are one." (Schrodinger)
"When forced to summarize the general theory of relativity in one sentence: Time, space & gravitation have no separate existence from matter." (Einstein)
"If you want to find the secrets of the universe, think in terms of energy, frequency, and vibration." (Tesla)

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The Re-Birth of Philosophy
On Physical Reality, Metaphysics, Active Substance, Causal Connection, Truth & Wisdom

(May, 2011) Dear Academic Philosophers,

There is an interesting conjunction of events on this mailing list and around the world that cause me to write to you now – all related to the concepts of ‘truth, physical reality, metaphysics and the death of philosophy. i.e. Hawking's comments, closure of philosophy departments, problems faced by humanity, cycles in knowledge – combined with a very interesting discovery I stumbled upon a few weeks ago that completes an idea I have had for 14 years – that the electron and positron were simply opposite phase spherical standing waves in space.

Let me very briefly introduce myself, and then make a few comments about metaphysics and the death of philosophy, as this relates to this discovery that I believe solves these problems.
I am a natural philosopher. I live in Nature on the SW coast of Australia. I am probably most influenced by Einstein, Aristotle and Hume, but find all the philosophers delightful to read. I guess I am one of those naive philosophers that agrees with Hume; "And though the philosopher may live remote from business, the genius of philosophy, if carefully cultivated by several, must gradually diffuse itself throughout the whole society, and bestow a similar correctness on every art and calling."
I have been on your philosophy mailing list for many years (5+) and have literally read thousands of your posts.
And many times I have thought to myself; ‘How do I write to busy professional / academic philosophers and explain to them that physical reality is actually very simple and obvious once known.’

The problem is that we are all genetically programmed to be culturally programmed (the herd instinct, believe in the ideas of your tribe, it has survived thus far) or as someone said on this mailing list a few years ago; "Rare is the person who can see things differently from their times." So I realise I am writing to an 'academic philosophy tribe' that shares many common beliefs (postmodernism) that I am convinced are blinding you to obvious truths, and I have the difficult task of trying to make you see these errors, to free you all from your 'dogmatic slumbers'!

The Errors in the Evolution of Metaphysics and Physics

With Kant and Hume in mind, let me quickly make a few points about the errors that have occurred in the evolution of physics and metaphysics that have confused us. Then we can look at the solution to these problems (which is very simple).
It seems that we have evolved survival driven, sense based minds that construct an image of our interconnected world to us in terms of many solid separate objects (we have evolved to survive, not be metaphysicists!). What we call the naive real world (that the masses live in and never really question). Unfortunately (because it misled us), this naive real conception of matter as discrete particles, as formalized in Newton's mechanics, actually works pretty well. Basically you replace causal connection of one active substance (metaphysics) with a maths equation and an equals sign, i.e. F=ma. (And I read a long time ago that European philosophers of the time strongly disliked Newton's magical forces between separate things and their action-at-a-distance, obviously Leibniz, but I can no longer find the article, does anyone have any references? However, as Einstein pointed out - due to its success over time everyone just got used to this and stopped questioning it - which is one reason why philosophy is important to physics, why Einstein was such a great physicist!)

So Newton's mechanics is clearly a mathematical description of reality that is missing causal connection. Newton knew this, stating;

"It is inconceivable that inanimate brute matter should, without mediation of something else which is not matter, operate on and affect other matter without mutual contact. ... That gravity should be innate, inherent and essential to matter, so that one body may act upon another at-a-distance, through a vacuum, without the mediation of anything else by and through which their action may be conveyed from one to another, is to me so great an absurdity that I believe no man, who has in philosophical matters a competent faculty of thinking, can ever fall into it. ... So far I have explained the phenomena by the force of gravity, but I have not yet ascertained the cause of gravity itself. ... and I do not arbitrarily invent hypotheses. (Newton. Letter to Richard Bentley 25 Feb. 1693)

Thus we have this delightful puzzle of being blind to the causal connection between things (metaphysics) that reason tells us must exist to explain the real interconnected world. Hume, always beautifully elegant, states this nicely;

"When we look about us towards external objects, and consider the operation of causes, we are never able, in a single instance, to discover any power or necessary connexion; any quality, which binds the effect to the cause, and renders the one an infallible consequence of the other. There is required a medium, which may enable the mind to draw such an inference, if indeed it be drawn by reasoning and argument. What that medium is, I must confess, passes my comprehension; and it is incumbent on those to produce it, who assert that it really exists, and is the origin of all our conclusions concerning matter of fact. This question I propose as much for the sake of information, as with an intention of raising difficulties. I cannot find, I cannot imagine any such reasoning. But I keep my mind still open to instruction, if any one will vouchsafe to bestow it upon me." (David Hume, 1737)

The point I want to make is that this discrete particle view of reality now has both an evolved mind bias, and an evolved cultural / theoretical bias to it (Newton's mechanics) that tend to influence our thinking without us even realising.

With this in mind I can show you a very important error Kant made in response to Newton and Hume. Kant writes;

"There are two pure forms of sensible intuition, as principles of knowledge a priori, namely space and time."

This is not correct, the error is shown below where he writes;

"... even that of motion, which unites in itself both elements (Space and Time), presuppose something empirical. Motion, for example, presupposes the perception of something movable. But space considered in itself contains nothing movable; consequently motion must be something which is found in space only through experience - in other words, is an empirical datum."

The error? That 'space considered in itself contains nothing movable'. Now you can see what has happened - Kant is only considering motion as applied to the motion of matter particles in space and time. This particle conception of matter has blinded him to the obvious truth you could have space moving / vibrating - the wave motion of space.
And this error then leads Kant to conclude that;

"...in respect to the form of appearances, much may be said a priori, whilst of the thing in itself, which may lie at the foundation of these appearances, it is impossible to say anything."

So we could probably agree with this if we added "this is the conclusion you come to if you try to describe an interconnected reality with many discrete and separate things, particles moving in space and time."

These errors have had a lot to do with the downfall of metaphysics (and philosophy and physics and society!). We have created a 'straw man metaphysics', Newton's mechanics, and these particle conceptions have carried over into the the mathematical structures of the standard model of particle physics and the big bang. Yet it is obvious these theories are not correct - they never were, as their foundations were always contrived (and physics is getting more absurd with time because of this).
However, rather than discarding metaphysics and giving up on absolute truths (postmodernism, metaphysics does not work) the correct reasoning is to go back and correct the errors that led to this problem in the first place (obviously).

This says a lot about the death of philosophy to me – since her birth was to discover these absolute truths about reality such that we could have certainty of knowledge – the foundation for wisdom.

Metaphysics of Space and Wave Motion

Now to the important part, the fixing up of metaphysics and the solution to physical reality and the necessary truths derived from this - which I think will actually solve most of our problems over time.
As required, I will state what exists (metaphysics), then show how you can deduce all the main equations of modern physics from this (the maths has been done – I just recently worked out the metaphysical foundations).

"Three dimensional space exists and has plane waves flowing through it in all directions."

To answer Hume's question of the required medium for causal connection, well it is space, it is a wave medium. And we all experience existing in this space (e.g. the space your universities exist in, the space of your lecture halls, the space you drive your car through, the space of your body). Being one substance it must also be infinite, eternal and continuous (not bound by, created by, or contain a second substance). The waves have the velocity of light, a wavelength of around 10^-12 meters, frequency of 10^20 Hz (they are matter waves, not light waves).

Hume's following comment about simplicity is also important (and charming);

"We find in the course of nature that though the effects be many, the principles from which they arise are commonly few and simple, and that it is the sign of an unskilled naturalist to have recourse to a different quality in order to explain every different operation."

In terms of simplicity and scientific validity, I think you can also deduce this is the most simple science theory for describing matter interactions in space, but rather than argue the point I will just emphasize that this wave structure of matter (WSM) brings science (simple, empirical, logical) into harmony with metaphysics (causal connection from one active substance) thus it should obviously be considered and tested (and it is odd that this was not considered a long time ago).

Complex Quaternion Wave Functions and the Solutions of Intersecting Plane Waves in Space

And now to the very clever part – we have our one active substance, vibrating space – but where do the many matter ‘particles’ come from? i.e. The problem of the one and the many so central to metaphysics and philosophy.
The solution is elegantly simple – when you analyze the wave patterns that naturally arise from these plane waves using complex quaternion wave functions, you find space vibrates in two completely different ways – that exactly match the 'particles' and 'quantum fields' we experience in this space around us. i.e.

BACKGROUND SPACE (QUANTUM FIELD VIBRATIONS) - Space vibrates in a fixed (but very complex) vector / transverse wave pattern in all directions.

PARTICLE VIBRATIONS (ELECTRONS & POSITRONS) - Space vibrates spherically around a central point - a scalar longitudinal spherical standing wave.

Of profound importance is the fact that there are exactly four unique phase arrangements of the plane waves such that all the vector / transverse wave components cancel one another and you are left with this scalar / longitudinal spherical standing wave (space vibrates radially in and out around a central point - what we call the 'particle'). Two of these phase arrangements create the two spin states of electrons, and two phase arrangements create the two spin states of the opposite phase standing waves, positrons (anti-matter).
This keeps the phase of electrons and positrons locked to the phase of background space vibrations (which is the same everywhere) thus explaining how these wave-center 'particles' are locked in their respective phase relations with one another across the universe (what I was seeking).

The basic quaternion logic is represented by a quaternion multiplied by its complex conjugate (where a b c d are scalar, i j k are imaginary)

qq* = (a + i b + j c + k d)(a - i b - j c - k d) = a²+b²+c²+d²

The factors on the left represent the complex vector / transverse plane waves, the four dimensional scalar on the right represents matter, a scalar longitudinal spherical standing wave. If you multiply the left side out you see that 12 of the 16 terms all cancel one another leaving just the scalar terms. This is actually what stimulated my mind to how the complex vector / transverse plane waves were canceling one another leaving just a scalar spherical standing wave.

Below is a simple diagram representing these intersecting plane waves. When you combine the top eight diagrams you get the image below. You can clearly see the spherical effects starting to form (obviously this image is 2 dimensional circles, you must imagine it as 3 dimensional spheres) - and importantly you also see opposite phases (positrons and electrons) being formed.

 

The Creation / Pair Production of Matter and Antimatter (Positrons and Electrons)

Further, and also critically importantly, the wave solutions are in pairs. This means that whenever the phase arrangements of intersecting plane waves produce an electron, they will also necessarily produce the opposite phase positron next to it (they will also have opposite spin states). This explains matter-antimatter pair production which is occurring everywhere in space all the time - because space vibrates in two distinct patterns (particles and quantum fields) which it is constantly switching between. However if you want to see and use these 'particles' then you need to add energy to them to separate them (before they annihilate / switch back to the quantum field vibratory pattern). This explains why a strong electric field in 'empty space' creates a stream of positrons and electrons. (I actually deduced this last night then checked - it is true - and I suspect most of you here did not know this either - but you can follow this deduction and see this logic for yourself just as I have.)

This has quite remarkable consequences, since it means physics understanding of the energy of matter and space is incomplete / wrong, it is missing this underlying wave energy of space that creates both matter 'particles' and their 'fields'. Thus modern physics thinks that particle / anti-particle pair production contradicts conservation of energy laws (since matter and anti matter both have positive energy) so they cheat and use the uncertainty principle to avoid this (search pair production and virtual particles in wikipedia).
The solution, the pair production is just the plane waves changing their phase arrangements such that space changes from a quantum field vibration pattern to two particle vibration patterns (two opposite phase spherical standing waves). Both wave patterns have the same energy - it is just distributed in different directions / wave patterns. So modern physics conception of matter's energy is really just its electromagnetic energy, i.e. the energy of an electron and a positron equals the energy required to separate an electron positron pair, thus it does not include the energy of the spherical standing wave pattern in space that cause these 'particles'.
It is possible this is the solution to dark matter, but cosmology has so many errors in it (all of physics has) and they continually confuse empirical facts (Hubble discovered a redshift with distance, Planck and Einstein showed light has a discrete energy) with theoretical interpretations (Hubble discovered the universe is expanding, Planck and Einstein showed light is a particle) which is very confusing, very bad science, and means this needs a lot more thought and analysis.

The Very Famous Dirac Equation of Matter and Fields (the Universe) is Explained!

From the above plane wave formalism in 3D space, the quaternion wave equation you get is a general form of the Dirac equation (see Lanczos Equation) - and this is really the equation of the universe as it connects the 'field' to the 'particle' - all from intersecting plane waves in space. Dirac found the solution mathematically by factorizing the energy equation of matter (Klein Gordon equation) into its component parts, he never understood the physical cause of this - in fact he mistook the positron as a negative energy particle (an odd idea) when the negative sign really means opposite phase standing wave. I have however come to it from wave structure of matter foundations, and we can now deduce the Dirac equation from first principles of plane waves in space. Interestingly, it is well known that the Dirac equation represents multiple plane wave solutions, but physicists, blinded by their existing particle conceptions, and then later by Born's probability wave interpretation, never imagined real plane waves in space as a solution, a classic example of existing beliefs blinding us to obvious truths. (This is also why Planck observed that new ideas only arise in physics when those with the old ideas die!)
So you see that I came to Dirac’s equation from the side of metaphysics and substance (a wave structure of matter in mind) rather than just mathematics, and with the tools of complex quaternion wave equations the solution becomes much more obvious.
I must admit that I love Hamilton’s quaternions – the three dimensional algebra is simple, elegant, powerful, beautiful – all corresponding to properties of the physical reality they describe! As Hamilton poetically describes them;

"Time is said to have only one dimension, and space to have three dimensions. ... The mathematical quaternion partakes of both these elements; in technical language it may be said to be 'time plus space', or 'space plus time': and in this sense it has, or at least involves a reference to, four dimensions. And how the One of Time, of Space the Three, Might in the Chain of Symbols girdled be." (W R Hamilton)

So we see Hamilton proceeded Einstein by 60 years in formulating the four dimensional space-time continuum. However, this is not quite correct, they need a slight metaphysical correction from space and time (as Newton's background stage for the motion of matter, or Einstein's matter-energy fields in space-time) to space and (wave) motion, where the wave motion of space causes matter and time (and energy).
And once you have this fundamental complex quaternion wave equation of the universe you can deduce the central equations in quantum physics and relativity.

‎"If quaternions are used consistently in theoretical physics, we get a complete description of the physical world, with relativistic and quantum effects easily taken into account. Thus Hamilton’s idea, which motivated more then half of his professional life, that quaternions are a fundamental building block of the physical universe, appears to be essentially correct in the light of contemporary knowledge."
https://arxiv.org/PS_cache/math-ph/pdf/0201/0201058v5.pdf

The Cause of All Charge / Electrical Forces

We know space must be a non-linear wave medium to get wave interactions. When we consider our spherical particle vibrations, all the field's vector transverse components have either cancelled one another or added to the scalar spherical standing wave (this phase transition the cause of Dirac's spinors). This means that this particle wave pattern has a higher longitudinal wave amplitude in the direction of the plane waves flowing through it. And these higher wave amplitudes have a higher wave velocity. Basically the two different ways space vibrates have the same energy, but distributed differently, and the particle vibrations have a higher wave velocity than the quantum field vibrations. Thus for two electrons near one another, they slightly advance the plane waves traveling through each other, which causes them to re-position further apart (like charges repel). For opposite phase interactions the wave amplitudes destructively interfere, have lower amplitude, travel more slowly and cause the positron and electron to re-position towards one another.

Quantum Physics and Einstein's Relativity

(A very abrupt summary!)

Relativity is due to the following wave phenomena.

For any change in wave velocity there is a corresponding change in wavelength and dimension such that the change in wave velocity is not observed (the subtle difference between a constant velocity of light and one that changes but is always measured to be the same!)

For any change in wave velocity there is also a change in ellipsoidal shape of the particle wave vibrations, and there is a change in the location of the wave center (acceleration), thus you can relate ellipsoidal geometry with acceleration. And if you assume acceleration is equivalent to a gravitational field then you can use this maths to create the curved geometry of a gravitational field.

(There is one assumption I do not understand, that the wave velocity is slightly slower in higher energy density space, and this causes gravity. This seems to be correct, the velocity change appears in the wave equations for a string (from which you can also deduce E=mcc and F=ma) but I do not know why this is so.)

Quantum Physics arises due to the following wave phenomena.

Light is caused by resonance where these spherical oscillators are bound in atoms or molecules such that they create a repeating wave pattern that sets up resonance between them, causing them to jump from one wave pattern to another. Planck thought electrons were resonators, it was this idea that motivated Schrodinger to develop the wave equation for matter to show this. (I don't know why people call light a particle - it should be called a discrete resonant energy exchange given this is the maths used to calculate it.)
For light emitted from positron-electron annihilation, well it is just the kinetic energy of them spiraling around one another that is exchanged by resonance to allow them to move to their ground state (no kinetic energy) such that they can pair up and phase transition back to quantum field vibrations.

Heisenberg's uncertainty principle is commonly deduced using wave logic, to know more about a wave train (momentum) you need to look at more of the wave (position). But I am still thinking about this one!!

Born's probability wave interpretation is mathematically true, but Einstein had the correct cause of this - it is due to lack of knowledge of an ensemble, an interconnected system of waves that extends to infinity such that it is causally connected but not deterministic.

The non-locality is much more complex than I previously realised. The plane waves (group waves) are local - they travel at the velocity of light c. However, they are non-local in that the plane wave extends to infinity on its plane, connecting all matter on this plane wave instantly to infinity. Further, because these plane waves flow in all directions through space, all plane waves are intersecting on various angles with all others producing lines of intersection (phase waves) that vary from below c to infinite velocity (as above, when the plane waves intersecting are parallel). And an added complexity is that the plane waves will have various curves on their surface because of the variable velocity of light thus they are not perfectly flat / planar and the wave interactions will be more complex to reflect this. Finally, whenever a wave center is in motion it produces its own planar beat wave (the de Broglie phase wave) and this is also non-local with velocity c^2 / relative velocity. e.g. for relative velocity c/100 the de Broglie phase wave velocity is 100c. And I guess a final point - these phase waves will interact with one another creating a higher level of complexity again. (The complexity is staggering, the mathematics they have done in quantum field theory to describe this interconnected wave system is truly remarkable!)

In Conclusion!

While I have been convinced for 13 years that positrons and electrons were just opposite phase standing waves – I have only in the past 3 weeks realised how they are created from these plane waves which then explain how everything is connected across the universe (you really need the 3D maths of quaternions to see this - and to understand the Dirac equation).
So this is sent to you a little hastily, there is still a lot my mind is adjusting to – but I am flying across Australia tomorrow and I wanted to send this before I left.

Please dear philosophers – do stop and think about this – do some research! Our world really is in a bad state – we need some simple truth and wisdom to help get us out of this mess.

You will find more details on my website (link below) - but I am still digesting this knowledge, it is not completely written up yet, and constructive help would be appreciated.

In ending, I ask that we discuss this on list. If it is true it is important to all, if it is not true then the reason why are also very important (given what it clearly explains from such firm / simple foundations).
And I can probably clarify a lot if you ask questions!

Sincerely,
Geoff Haselhurst
https://www.spaceandmotion.com
https://www.facebook.com/geoffrey.haselhurst

PS - And once you confirm for yourselves this is true - please send it on to others for comments - and write to Hawking for me and tell him it was a philosopher / metaphysicist that fixed up the mess their fanciful multidimensional mathematics had made of physics.

And a few quotes ...

"Someday we'll understand the whole thing as one single marvelous vision that will seem so overwhelmingly simple and beautiful that we may say to each other; 'Oh, how could we have been so stupid for so long? How could it have been otherwise!'" (J. A. Wheeler)

"We may always depend on it that algebra, which cannot be translated into good English and sound common sense, is bad algebra.” (William Clifford)

"The danger to society is not merely that it should believe wrong things, though that is great enough; but that it should become credulous, and lose the habit of testing things and inquiring into them; for then it must sink back into savagery. ... To sum up: it is wrong always, everywhere, and for anyone, to believe anything upon insufficient evidence. If a man, holding a belief which he was taught in childhood or persuaded of afterwards, keeps down and pushes away any doubts which arise about it in his mind, purposely avoids the reading of books and the company of men that call into question or discuss it, and regards as impious those questions which cannot easily be asked without disturbing it--the life of that man is one long sin against mankind. ...
Inquiry into the evidence of a doctrine is not to be made once for all, and then taken as finally settled. It is never lawful to stifle a doubt; for either it can be honestly answered by means of the inquiry already made, or else it proves that the inquiry was not complete.
"But," says one, "I am a busy man; I have no time for the long course of study which would be necessary to make me in any degree a competent judge of certain questions, or even able to understand the nature of the arguments."
Then he should have no time to believe." (William Clifford)

"What we observe as material bodies and forces are nothing but shapes and variations in the structure of space. Particles are just schaumkommen (appearances). ... The world is given to me only once, not one existing and one perceived. Subject and object are only one. The barrier between them cannot be said to have broken down as a result of recent experience in the physical sciences, for this barrier does not exist. ... The scientist only imposes two things, namely truth and sincerity, imposes them upon himself and upon other scientists." (Erwin Schrodinger)

"The notion that all these fragments is separately existent is evidently an illusion, and this illusion cannot do other than lead to endless conflict and confusion. Indeed, the attempt to live according to the notion that the fragments are really separate is, in essence, what has led to the growing series of extremely urgent crises that is confronting us today. Thus, as is now well known, this way of life has brought about pollution, destruction of the balance of nature, over-population, world-wide economic and political disorder and the creation of an overall environment that is neither physically nor mentally healthy for most of the people who live in it. Individually there has developed a widespread feeling of helplessness and despair, in the face of what seems to be an overwhelming mass of disparate social forces, going beyond the control and even the comprehension of the human beings who are caught up in it." (David Bohm, Wholeness and the Implicate Order, 1980)

Help Humanity

"You must be the change you wish to see in the world."
(Mohandas Gandhi)

"When forced to summarize the general theory of relativity in one sentence: Time and space and gravitation have no separate existence from matter. ... Physical objects are not in space, but these objects are spatially extended. In this way the concept 'empty space' loses its meaning. ... The particle can only appear as a limited region in space in which the field strength or the energy density are particularly high. ...
The free, unhampered exchange of ideas and scientific conclusions is necessary for the sound development of science, as it is in all spheres of cultural life. ... We must not conceal from ourselves that no improvement in the present depressing situation is possible without a severe struggle; for the handful of those who are really determined to do something is minute in comparison with the mass of the lukewarm and the misguided. ...
Humanity is going to need a substantially new way of thinking if it is to survive!" (Albert Einstein)

We can now deduce the most simple science theory of reality - the wave structure of matter in space. By understanding how we and everything around us are interconnected in Space we can then deduce solutions to the fundamental problems of human knowledge in physics, philosophy, metaphysics, theology, education, health, evolution and ecology, politics and society.

This is the profound new way of thinking that Einstein realised, that we exist as spatially extended structures of the universe - the discrete and separate body an illusion. This simply confirms the intuitions of the ancient philosophers and mystics.

Given the current censorship in physics / philosophy of science journals (based on the standard model of particle physics / big bang cosmology) the internet is the best hope for getting new knowledge known to the world. But that depends on you, the people who care about science and society, realise the importance of truth and reality.

It is Easy to Help!

Just click on the Social Network links at top of page, or copy a nice image or quote you like and share it. We have a wonderful collection of knowledge from the greatest minds in human history, so people will appreciate your contributions. In doing this you will help a new generation of scientists see that there is a simple sensible explanation of physical reality (One Substance, One Law) - the source of truth and wisdom, the only cure for the madness of man! Thanks! Geoff Haselhurst (Updated May, 2025)

A new scientific truth does not triumph by convincing its opponents and making them see the light, but rather because its opponents eventually die, and a new generation grows up that is familiar with it. (Max Planck, 1920)

"All that is necessary for evil to succeed is for good people to do nothing."
(Edmund Burke)

"In a time of universal deceit - telling the truth is a revolutionary act."
(George Orwell)

"Hell is Truth Seen Too Late."
(Thomas Hobbes)

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On Truth & Reality The Spherical Standing Wave Structure of Matter (WSM) in Space
Deducing Most Simple Science Theory of Reality	Metaphysics of Space, Dynamic Unity of Reality	Maths Physics On Mathematics Logic & Reality
Albert Einstein's Special & General Relativity Theory	Quantum Physics Wave Theory of Light & Matter	WSM Cosmology Finite Universe & Infinite Space
Philosophy Wisdom from Truth & Reality	Theology God Religion Spirit Morality	Life Evolution Ecology Nature Environment
Human Health Nutrition Diet Medicine Drugs	Education On Teaching Truth & Reality	Politics Utopia True Democracy Political Science

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